Study of Liver Transplant-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: To compose Nursing research proposition. You can pick the theme. As of now I am working in the liver transplant ICU. Answer: Examination title A phenomenological study investigating the experience of liver transplant patients in emergency unit Foundation Experience and perspectives of patients experiencing intercessions in the emergency unit have been the focal point of exploration for quite a while. Studies have featured that patients experiencing liver transplant experience both positive and negative occurrences since the enthusiastic and mental effect of the transplantation are critical. Further, encounters of liver transplant patients may be solitary. This infers the affirmation of the patient to the ICU is the underlying advance towards recuperation from the wellbeing intricacy in the wake of living in a time of sickness (Wallia, et al. 2016). The information on medical caretakers about patient experience adds to a superior comprehension of human services forms. Despite the fact that a pool of studies has been completed on liver transplant patients for doing an appraisal of practical recuperation, work restoration, and personal satisfaction, there is a shortage of studies featuring the experience of the patients in ICU (Adams et al. 2014). Motivation behind investigation Against the setting of the hole in existing writing an exploration is to be completed that would feature the perspectives and sentiments of patients experiencing a liver transplant in ICU. The point of the examination is have a nitty gritty depiction of the experience of patients experiencing a liver transplant in the ICU. A subjective report is to be held that would be reasonable for tending to the exploration question in arrangement with the examination point. The investigation would be excellent since based on the examination results medical attendants can consider getting changes the way wherein care is conveyed to liver transplant patients in ICU. The point of such an adjustment by and by would be centered around better fulfillment and wellbeing results of patients. Exploration question The proposed exploration would be done with the concerning the examination question of What are the encounters of patients experiencing a liver transplant in ICU? Study plan and structure The proposed exploration would be subjective in nature since such technique gives the most ideal method of investigating the sentiments and encounters of study respondents (Nieswiadomy and Bailey 2017). A phenomenological study configuration would be suitable since Houser (2016) contended that phenomenological strategies grant extraction of top to bottom information on the quintessence of patient encounters and encoding of hidden implications. 25 patients who have experienced a liver transplant in the previous a half year in one 250 had relations with private medical clinic in Singapore would be the examination members. Information assortment is to be done over a time of 2 months with the assistance of inside and out, centered meetings. Every up-and-comer is to be welcomed for partaking in the investigation, and educated agree is to be taken before the examination. Patients are to be educated that privacy and secrecy would be safeguarded. The meeting would have open, unstructured, no nleading questions that would support and persuade the members to communicate their emotions and thoughts. The meetings would be audiotaped and would be fo one-hour length around. To follow the phenomenological strategy in a thorough way, the analysts would section past information about the marvels so as to stay away from effect on the data gave by the interviewees. Two people would go about as the questioners. The entire setting would be at any ideal spot referenced by the patients. The accounts are later to be interpreted verbatim. Information investigation would think about topical information translation. In view of the examination results appropriate deductions are to be drawn (Parahoo 2014). References Adams, J.A., Anderson, R.A., Docherty, S.L., Tulsky, J.A., Steinhauser, K.E. also, Bailey, D.E., 2014. Nursing systems to help relatives of ICU patients at high danger of dying.Heart Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care,43(5), pp.406-415. Houser, J., 2016.Nursing exploration: Reading, utilizing and making proof. Jones Bartlett Learning. Nieswiadomy, R.M. also, Bailey, C., 2017.Foundations of nursing research. Pearson. Parahoo, K., 2014. Nursing research: standards, procedure and issues. Palgrave Macmillan. Wallia, A., Schmidt, K., Oakes, D.J., Pollack, T., Welsh, N., Kling-Colson, S., Gupta, S., Fulkerson, C., Aleppo, G., Parikh, N. what's more, Levitsky, J., 2016. Glycemic Control Reduces Infections in PostLiver Transplant Patients: Results of a Prospective, Randomized Study.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism,102(2), pp.451-459.

Civil Rights Activist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social liberties Activist - Essay Example The Civil Rights Movement is regularly contrasted with the David against the Goliath tale since it was an intense fight against overpowering chances. On one hand were the oppressors who were amazingly ground-breaking as far as quality, numbers and political force, while then again were the abused, and the sum total of what they had was a fantasy, and an undying relentlessness to accomplish that fantasy. What makes it one of the most significant occasions in the chronicles of world history is that this development was to a great extent fruitful. This is reinforced by acts, for example, The Brown choice in 1954, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act in 1965 all of which realized the death of the trapping web of enactment that bound blacks to inferior citizenship (loc.gov, nd). During these tempestuous occasions, there were a few visionaries who surfaced to roll out an improvement. These were incredible men who saw and comprehended that what was going on around them and to them was unjustifiable. The Civil Rights Movement is generally connected with the life and battle of Martin Luther King JR, be that as it may, it would be uncalled for not to distinguish the work done by a few other people of that time in such manner. One such individual who is shockingly scarcely ever referenced or totally overlooked in the pages of history was Medgar Evers. It was in a severe universe of White control that Medgar Evers was conceived, on July 2 1925 to James and Jesse Evers in Decatur, Mississippi (Evers and Marable, 2005). Having taken birth in a passionate Christian family, Medgar was ingrained with temperances, for example, confidence, pride and sense of pride directly from an extremely youthful age. This made him a self-assured kid. He was viewed as mean by the nearb y neighborhood. In the self-portrayal it has been reported that a lynching of a neighbor that he eye-saw, profoundly affected Medgar's sentiments about the bigot conditions that encompassed him (Evers and Marable, 2005). In 1943 Medgar left secondary school and joined the Army. He served the Army in World War II and was positioned in England and France. At the point when he returned home, he joined Alcorn College in Mississippi studying Business. Medgar was an exceptionally mainstream understudy and furthermore got the acknowledgment by being named in the's Who in American Colleges. In 1951, Medgar wedded Myrlie, a rookie young lady from his school. By 1952, Medgar had begun in his own particular manners, a few endeavors to improve the lives of the dark American individuals. In 1952, he turned into the establishing individual from Regional Council of Negro Leadership (RCNL) and in that limit, began helping the country blacks to enroll to cast a ballot and advancing participations in NAACP. Not at all like Martin Luther King JR, Medgar was not a supporter of peacefulness. He accepted that abused blacks must retaliate, and if essential additionally go too far. In 1954 he was named Mississippi's first field secretary for the NAACP. In this job he effectively worked for the advancement of the lives of dark Americans. He ran a few blacklist crusades against bigotry and organizations that upheld it. He likewise moved in the direction of coordinating schools rather than racial isolation. He took up situations where dark Americans were not allowed their privileges in type of denied confirmations or dismissed advances, and battled for th em to acquire equity. Progressively, Medgar was approached to give open talks to rouse

A gift of love!

A gift of love! Can I see my baby? the happy new mother asked.When the bundle was nestled in her arms and she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped. The doctor turned quickly and looked out the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears.Time proved that the babys hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was marred. When he rushed home from school one day and flung himself into his mothers arms, she sighed, knowing that his life was to be a succession of heartbreaks. He blurted out the tragedy. A boy, a big boy called me a freak. He grew up, handsome for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift, a talent for literature and music. But you might mingle with other young people, his mother reproved him, but felt a kindness in her heart. The boys father had a session with the family physician. Could nothing be done? I believe I could graft on a pair of outer ears, if they could be procured, the doctor decided.Whereupon the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man. Two years went by. Then, You are going to the hospital, Son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But its a secret, said the father. The operation was a brilliant success, and a new person emerged. His talents blossomed into genius, and school and college became a series of triumphs.Later he married and entered the diplomatic service. But I must know! He urged his father, Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him. I do not believe you could, said the father, but the agreement was that you are not to know not yet. The years kept their profound secret, but the day did come one of the darkest days that a son must endure. He stood with his father over his mothers casket. Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to reveal that the mother had no outer ears. Mother said sh e was glad she never let her hair be cut, he whispered gently, and nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they?Real beauty lies not in the physical appearance, but in the heart. Real treasure lies not in what that can be seen, but what that cannot be seen. Real love lies not in what is done and known, but in what that is done but not known.

Major Depressive Disorder ( Unipolar Depression ) And...

The purpose of this essay is to discuss the clinical differences in the diagnosis of both Major Depressive Disorder (Unipolar depression) and Bipolar Depression can be made on the basis of characteristics of a Major Depressive Episode (MDE). That is, can an MDE in patients with Major Depressive Disorder be differentiated from a MDE in patients with Bipolar Disorder? Firstly, the extremes in mood, Major Depressive Episode and mania/hypomania will be defined and it will be explained how they contribute to a diagnosis of MDD or Bipolar Disorder based on the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Secondly, the importance of differentiating the two disorders based on MDE characteristics will be explained. Thirdly, the literature on the clinical characteristics of MDE in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression will be reviewed. Lastly, this essay will touch on what this means for clinicians in their decisions in diagnosing patients with Major Depress ive Disorder or Bipolar disorder. The main features of Major Depressive Episodes (MDE) include a depressed mood for most days and loss of interest and pleasure in enjoyable activities (also known as ahedonia). For the diagnoses of a MDE to be made, these symptoms must be experienced for at least two weeks and symptoms must cause significant impact on day to day functioning (APA, 2013). Additional symptoms include lack of concentration (e.g unable to focus on everyday tasks, work), lack ofShow MoreRelatedAbnormal Psychology-Unipolar and Bipolar Depression Essay1046 Words   |  5 PagesPsychology | Unipolar and Bipolar Depression | Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Shawn M Best 10/16/2011 | Identifying the causes of unipolar and bipolar depression can be a complicated task because there are no known exact causes, just theories. These theories include chemical and hormonal imbalances within the brain, a misfiring of ion activity, and inherited genetics or biological abnormalities (Comer, 2005). Individuals who suffer with unipolar depression, which is the ordinaryRead MoreBipolar and Unipolar Disorder Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pagesor a person encounters depression that changes how he or she interacts with his or her daily activities, this person maybe dealing with bipolar or unipolar disorder. Even though these two disorders are similar, there are marked differences, different causes, and different treatment. Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder Bipolar and unipolar are two different disorders that affect millions of people; however, there are differences in between the two mood disorders. Bipolar is differentiated by twoRead MoreThe Cultural Aspects Of Bipolar Disorder1586 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bipolar disorder like most mental disorders does not discriminate by culture. This research papers primary goal is educate on the cultural difference or similarities in how bipolar disorder manifests itself. The secondary goal of this paper is to establish a generalized understanding of bipolar disorder as to supplement the primary goal. This will all be done in a systematic manner to ensure that every major topic is examined to the full extent and all the topics of interests are coveredRead MoreThe Anxiety Of Depression And Depression1457 Words   |  6 Pagesbe mood disorders such as depression or mania (Comer, 2011, p. 193). Depression is a sad, low state where life seems dark and overwhelming (Comer, 2011, p. 193). Mania is a state of frenzied energy or breathless euphoria where a person may have an exaggerated belief that the world is theirs for the taking (Comer, 2011, p. 193). Mania and depression are the two key emotions in mood disorders and most people who have one usually only suffer from depression, which is called unipolar depression (ComerRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Disorders1249 Words   |  5 PagesBipolar Disorder, also known as manic/depressive disorder once was a disorder that carried a severe societal stigmatism. It now has carries less stigmatism but is a disorder which has become difficult to diagnosis and extremely prevalent in today’s society. Due to the manic characteristic of the disorder it differentiates itself from the typical form of depression. Even though both depression and bipolar disorder can be due to an imbalance in brain chemistry and biology, genetics, or effected byRead MoreDifferences Between Disorders1129 Words   |  5 Pages1. Distinguish between bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, dysthymic disorder, and cyclothymic disorder using DSM-5 criteria. (485) Before answering the question let’s see what each term means. Bipolar disorder is a disorder that is marked by alternating or intermixed periods of mania and depression (Comer, 2013, pp.224). Unipolar depression is depression without history of mania (Comer, 2013, pp.224). Dysthymic disorder are mood disorder that are similar to but not as long lasting and less disablingRead MoreThe Blues Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Todays forecast; gloomy, and there is no sunshine in sight. If you had any form of depression, that is what it would seem like everyday. Depression is defined as a total body illness that affects a persons thoughts, feelings, behavior, physical health and appearance. It affects all areas of a persons life, including a persons home, work, school, and social life. Depression is a real illness, and its described as a feeling of sadness, worthlessness, or gloominess that canRead More Mood Disorder Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pages As many as 19 million Americans million are affected by mood disorders ( The two main types of mood disorders are bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder which are described as disturbances in mood, behavior and emotion.â€Å" Bipolar disorder is a complex disorder in which the core feature is pathological disturbance in mood ranging from extreme elation, or mania, to severe depression usually accompanied by disturbances in thinking and behavior, wh ich may include psychotic symptoms, such as delusionsRead MoreAbnormal Psychology - Mood Disorders4501 Words   |  19 PagesABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY: MOOD DISORDERS A mood disorder is the term given for a group of diagnoses in the DSM IV TR classification system where a disturbance in the person s emotional mood is hypothesised to be the main underlying feature. The classification is known as mood (affective) disorders in ICD 10. English psychiatrist Henry Maudsley proposed an overarching category of affective disorder. The term was then replaced by mood disorder, as the latter term refers to the underlying or longitudinalRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Disorders1364 Words   |  6 PagesIntro Bipolar disorder is an emotional instability checked by great movements in disposition going from a hyper to a depressive state. Bipolar disorder is additionally called bipolar disease or manic depression. Bipolar disorder oppresses 3 to 5% of the populace with inconvenient impact on life possibilities. People with Bipolar Disorder will face life span danger for mood shifts, including fatal consequences. â€Å"It is sixth most common cause of disability in the United States (Altman et al., 2006)

The Theory Of Sociological Imagination - 870 Words

For decades, there have been many questions that sociologists generally ask themselves when examining a social phenomenon. One well known sociologist is C. Wright Mills. Mills came up with the concept of sociological imagination. It is used to describe the ability of individuals to think away from routines that they are used to in everyday life and look at them from an entirely new perspective. Using this concept, mills applied it to asking and answering imaginative thoughts of sociological questions. Mills came up with three questions that many thinkers have consistently asked in their investigations of humanity and society. The three questions are what is the structure of this particular society as a whole? , where does this society stand in human history? , and what varieties of men and women now prevail in this society and in this period?. Moreover, one social phenomenon that can explain how these questions help focus one’s social imagination is crime. C. Wright Mills firs t question is what is the structure of this particular society as a whole?. In asking this question, Mills wanted to know how crime is understood in society and how is it an essential components that is inter-related in society?. In society, crime is seen as any actions that violates the laws established by a political authority. However, according to the authors of the book introduction to sociology states that â€Å"sociologists studying crime and deviance in the interactionist tradition focus on devianceShow MoreRelatedThe Theories Of The Sociological Imagination976 Words   |  4 Pagesthem. So, you may ask how the individual above can make sense of the complex world around them. The answer is simple by looking at the world like any great social analysts would. They do this through C. Wright Mills sociological imagination. To understand the Sociological imagination we first need to understand what the term means. It is the process of the mind which allows us to understand the relationship between our individual lives (personal experience) and the larger social forces (public issues)Read MoreCommon Sense Explanations And The Explanations Of C. Wright Mills Theory Of The Sociological Imagination1534 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay I will be exploring the differences between common sense explanations and the explanations of C. Wright Mills theory of The Sociological Imagination. Common sense is based on people s personal experiences and their opinions, very often constructed from social norms and generalised views. Whereas, the Sociological Imagination thought up by sociologist C. Wright Mills (1959) is based on the ideas of thinking critically and skeptically, in order to think sociologically. 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We collect information and from that information we may make judgments or prediction. However we cannot view society in one’s own point of view. Everyone is different so it is important to not only form our ownRead MoreAnalysis Of Dalton Conley s You May Ask Yourself 1267 Words   |  6 PagesDalton Conley’s book, You May Ask Yourself, defines sociological imagination as, â€Å"The ability to connect the most basic, intimate aspects of an individual’s life to seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces† (Conley 2015, pg. A-11). Sociological Imagination is the idea of being able to step outside of the box, and evaluate society from an alternative point of view. Symbolic Interactionism, norms, socialization, and the idea of understanding yourself vs. understanding the social aspect ofRead MoreS ociological Imagination s Critical Review1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sociological Imagination Critical Review Essay â€Å"The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. This is its task and its promise.† C. Wright Mills writes about the sociological imagination in an attempt to have society become aware of the relationship between one’s personal experience in comparison to the wider society. By employing the sociological imagination into the real world, individuals are forced to perceiveRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination By C. Wright Mills1315 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. This is its task and its promise.† C. Wright Mills writes about the sociological imagination in an attempt to have society become aware of the relationship between one’s personal experience in comparison to the wider society. By employing the sociological imagination into the real world, individuals ar e forced to perceive, from a neutral position, social structures that, inRead MoreAnalysis of the sociological imagination and its use in sociology.1483 Words   |  6 PagesSociological Imagnation The sociological imagination is the ability to look at the everyday world and understand how it operates in order to make sense of their lives. It is a state of mind, which enables us to think critically about and understand the society in which we live, and our place in that world as individuals and as a whole. C. Wright Mills, first wrote of the concept in 1959. 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Sociological imagination is the way in which individuals realize the connection between their own experience of reality and the experiences of society as a whole. This realization allows people to make sense of the world around them. When one applies sociological imagination, they are stripping their own personal experiences from their thoughts

Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases HIV Free Essays

Epidemiology Communicable Diseases HIV or the Human Deficiency virus is like other viruses including the flu, but the one thing that makes this virus so different than any other is that the body is unable to clear this one out completely. Once someone is infected, there is no cure. Over time, HIV can also hide or mask itself in the body’s cells. We will write a custom essay sample on Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases: HIV or any similar topic only for you Order Now The cells within a person’s body that fght off infection are called CD4 cells or T cells. HIV attacks these cells and copies or replicates itself inside these cells, then destroys them. HIV over time will estroy so many of these cells that the body is unable to fght off infection anymore. When this starts happening, AIDS or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome happens which is the final stage of HIV. HIV is transmitted through someone’s blood or bodily fluids which can encompass semen, breast milk, vaginal fluids, and rectal mucous (AIDS. GOV, 2013) and usually it is passed from one person to another through sexual contact; however, HIV can also be transmitted through childbirth or IV drug use. Healthcare workers are also at risk from infected bodily fluids. Fluids from an nfected person can deliver the virus to someone else’s bloodstream. Within 2-4 weeks, and up to as late as 3 months, exposure to HIV can happen with a sudden onset of flu like symptoms including fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle aches, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes or ulcers in the mouth (CDC, 2013). Sometimes no signs or symptoms of infection are present in someone with HIV. Certain individuals may feel sick as HIV turns into AIDS or have occasional bouts of sickness, but not really know or feel they are infected. When HIV progresses to HIV, he flu like sign and symptoms mentioned earlier can become far more severe. Many of the complications stemming from HIV are opportunistic infections, which happen in patients with a weakened immune system (CDC, 2013). â€Å"Some of these opportunistic infections include tuberculosis, salmonellosis, cytomeglaovirus, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporiosis, Wasting Syndrome, neurological problems, and kidney disease (Mayo Clinic, 2013). Specific skin cancers including Kaposi’s Sarcoma and lymphomas also happen in patients who are HIV positive† (Mayo Clinic, 2013). Antivirals are the treatment for HIV and presently there is no known cure. Treatment most often involves combinations of different drugs to avoid creating strains of the virus that are immune to single drug treatments (Mayo Clinic, 2013). The number of CD4 or T cells monitors treatment response. The viral load should be undetectable while undergoing antiviral therapy. The count is checked when treatment starts and usually monitored every 3-6 months. Even if someone has an undetectable viral load, the spreading of HIV is still a possibility. According to estimates and numbers provided by the CDC, about one and half million people 13 years of age and younger is HIV positive. Demographics also show that almost 20% of people who are infected do not know they have the virus. The CDC estimates that now every year, there are about 50,000 new cases diagnosed (2013). At risk groups include gay men, bisexual people, and African Americans (CDC, ) Young Atrican American males are at greatest risk tor contracting HIV among various ethnicities and races (CDC, 2013). An individual’s risk for HIV or social determinants of health related to HIV is income, education, geographic region, overty, gender orientation, early childhood experiences, and alcohol or substance abuse. The CDC states, â€Å"that by reducing the number od new HIV infections and improving the health and well-being of those already infected with HIV depends on changing the social determinants that place people at risk of infection† (CDC, 2-13). The epidemiological triangle of HIV consists of three things: the person, the causative agent, or the environment (Smith, 169). The causative agent that causes AIDS is HIV or the virus itself. The host is a person in the case of HIV and the environment is the either the host or the agent, but a factor that influences interaction between the two. The epidemiological triangle consists of three things: the person, the causative agent, or the environment (Smith, 169). In the triangle for HIV, the agent that causes AIDS is HIV or the virus. The host is a person in the case of HIV. The environment is neither the host nor the agent, but something that influences interaction between the two (Smith, 169). The host factors for HIV include age, sex, ethnic background, race, sexual orientation, education, and economic status (Smith, 169). The agent actors or causative agent for HIV are the virus itself and the mode of transmission, life cycle and virulence of the virus (Smith, 169). The environmental factors for HIV include social and economic considerations including family, community, political organization, public policy, regulations, institutions, workplace, occupation, economic status, technology, mobility, housing population density, attitudes, customs, culture, health practices, health services (Smith 169-170). A community health nurse with an emphasis on HIV/AIDS would work in a community or public health setting, educating t risk groups about safe sex practices and the dangers of sharing needles. Ideally, the nurse would connect patients to support groups and services, teach patients or people in the community about the prevention of the spreading of the disease, and help administer treatments and medications. Some important issues that nurses are bringing to the forefront in todays world include implementing strategies to keep HIV patients engaged in routine HIV medical and nursing care, incorporating prevention research findings to help reduce transmission locally and globally, carrying out outine HIV testing in health care settings, ensuring access to antiretroviral drugs, and preparing for emerging issues in HIV care such as diabetes, liver disease, obesity and elder care† (Kirton, 2007, p. 8). The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is a national organization th at channels a portion of its funds to the international financing for he fght against HIV and AIDS. It also gives funds to strengthening health systems, as most are inadequate to educate and inform communities and people about the prevention of HIV. Programs supported by the Global Fund give to communities with lifesaving ntiviral therapies and counseling on the prevention of the virus. How to cite Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases: HIV, Papers

Essay On Sikhism Traditions Example For Students

Essay On Sikhism Traditions A way of life and philosophy well ahead of its time when it was founded over 500 years ago, The Sikh religion today has a following of over 20 million people worldwide. Sikhism preaches a message of devotion and remembrance of God at all times, truthful living, equality of mankind, social justice and denounces superstitions and blind rituals. Sikhism is open to all through the teachings of its 10 Gurus enshrined in the Sikh Holy Book and Living Guru, Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Who and What is a Sikh? The word Sikh in the Punjabi language means disciple, Sikhs are the disciples of God who follow the writings and teachings of the Ten Sikh Gurus. The wisdom of these teachings in Sri Guru Granth Sahib are practical and universal in their appeal to all mankind. I observe neither Hindu fasting nor the ritual of the Muslim Ramadan month; Him I serve who at the last shall save. The Lord of universe of the Hindus, Gosain and Allah to me are one; From Hindus and Muslims have I broken free. I perform neither Kaaba pilgrimage nor at bathing spots worship; One sole Lord I serve, and no other. I perform neither the Hindu worship nor the Muslim prayer; To the Sole Formless Lord in my heart I bow. We neither are Hindus nor Muslims; Our body and life belong to the One Supreme Being who alone is both Ram and Allah for us. (Guru Arjan Dev, Guru Granth Sahib, Raga Bhairon pg. 1136) Any human being who faithfully believes in: (i) One Immortal Being, (ii) Ten Gurus, from Guru N anak Dev to Guru Gobind Singh, (iii) The Guru Granth Sahib, (iv) The utterances and teachings of the ten Gurus and, (v) the baptism bequeathed by the tenth Guru, and who does not owe allegiance to any other religion is a Sikh. (Reht Maryada, Sikh Code of Conduct) Philosophy and BeliefsThere is only One God. He is the same God for all people of all religions. The soul goes through cycles of births and deaths before it reaches the human form. The goal of our life is to lead an exemplary existence so that one may merge with God. Sikhs should remember God at all times and practice living a virtuous and truthful life while maintaining a balance between their spiritual obligations and temporal obligations. The true path to achieving salvation and merging with God does not require renunciation of the world or celibacy, but living the life of a householder, earning a honest living and avoiding worldly temptations and sins. Sikhism condemns blind rituals such as fasting, visiting places of pilgrimage, superstitions, worship of the dead, idol worship etc. Sikhism preaches that people of different races, religions, or sex are all equal in the eyes of God. It teaches the full equality of men and women. Women can participate in any religious function or perform any Sikh ceremony or lead the congregation in prayer. History and PracticesThe founder of the Sikh religion was Guru Nanak who was born in 1469. He preached a message of love and understanding and criticized the blind rituals of the Hindus and Muslims. Guru Nanak passed on his enlightened leadership of this new religion to nine successive Gurus. The final living Guru, Guru Gobind Singh died in 1708. During his lifetime Guru Gobind Singh established the Khalsa order (meaning The Pure), soldier-saints. The Khalsa uphold the highest Sikh virtues of commitment, dedication and a social conscious. The Khalsa are men and women who have undergone the Sikh baptism ceremony and who strictly follow the Sikh Code of Conduct and Conventions and wear the prescribed physical articles of the fait h. One of the more noticeable being the uncut hair (required to be covered with a turban for men) and the Kirpan (ceremonial sword). Before his death in 1708 Guru Gobind Singh declared that the Sikhs no longer needed a living and appointed his spiritual successor as Sri Guru Granth Sahib, his physical successor as the Khalsa. Guru Gobind Singh felt that all the wisdom needed by Sikhs for spiritual guidance in their daily lives could be found in Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the Eternal Guru of the Sikhs. Sri Guru Granth Sahib is