Study of Liver Transplant-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: To compose Nursing research proposition. You can pick the theme. As of now I am working in the liver transplant ICU. Answer: Examination title A phenomenological study investigating the experience of liver transplant patients in emergency unit Foundation Experience and perspectives of patients experiencing intercessions in the emergency unit have been the focal point of exploration for quite a while. Studies have featured that patients experiencing liver transplant experience both positive and negative occurrences since the enthusiastic and mental effect of the transplantation are critical. Further, encounters of liver transplant patients may be solitary. This infers the affirmation of the patient to the ICU is the underlying advance towards recuperation from the wellbeing intricacy in the wake of living in a time of sickness (Wallia, et al. 2016). The information on medical caretakers about patient experience adds to a superior comprehension of human services forms. Despite the fact that a pool of studies has been completed on liver transplant patients for doing an appraisal of practical recuperation, work restoration, and personal satisfaction, there is a shortage of studies featuring the experience of the patients in ICU (Adams et al. 2014). Motivation behind investigation Against the setting of the hole in existing writing an exploration is to be completed that would feature the perspectives and sentiments of patients experiencing a liver transplant in ICU. The point of the examination is have a nitty gritty depiction of the experience of patients experiencing a liver transplant in the ICU. A subjective report is to be held that would be reasonable for tending to the exploration question in arrangement with the examination point. The investigation would be excellent since based on the examination results medical attendants can consider getting changes the way wherein care is conveyed to liver transplant patients in ICU. The point of such an adjustment by and by would be centered around better fulfillment and wellbeing results of patients. Exploration question The proposed exploration would be done with the concerning the examination question of What are the encounters of patients experiencing a liver transplant in ICU? Study plan and structure The proposed exploration would be subjective in nature since such technique gives the most ideal method of investigating the sentiments and encounters of study respondents (Nieswiadomy and Bailey 2017). A phenomenological study configuration would be suitable since Houser (2016) contended that phenomenological strategies grant extraction of top to bottom information on the quintessence of patient encounters and encoding of hidden implications. 25 patients who have experienced a liver transplant in the previous a half year in one 250 had relations with private medical clinic in Singapore would be the examination members. Information assortment is to be done over a time of 2 months with the assistance of inside and out, centered meetings. Every up-and-comer is to be welcomed for partaking in the investigation, and educated agree is to be taken before the examination. Patients are to be educated that privacy and secrecy would be safeguarded. The meeting would have open, unstructured, no nleading questions that would support and persuade the members to communicate their emotions and thoughts. The meetings would be audiotaped and would be fo one-hour length around. To follow the phenomenological strategy in a thorough way, the analysts would section past information about the marvels so as to stay away from effect on the data gave by the interviewees. Two people would go about as the questioners. The entire setting would be at any ideal spot referenced by the patients. The accounts are later to be interpreted verbatim. Information investigation would think about topical information translation. In view of the examination results appropriate deductions are to be drawn (Parahoo 2014). References Adams, J.A., Anderson, R.A., Docherty, S.L., Tulsky, J.A., Steinhauser, K.E. also, Bailey, D.E., 2014. Nursing systems to help relatives of ICU patients at high danger of dying.Heart Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care,43(5), pp.406-415. Houser, J., 2016.Nursing exploration: Reading, utilizing and making proof. Jones Bartlett Learning. Nieswiadomy, R.M. also, Bailey, C., 2017.Foundations of nursing research. Pearson. Parahoo, K., 2014. Nursing research: standards, procedure and issues. Palgrave Macmillan. Wallia, A., Schmidt, K., Oakes, D.J., Pollack, T., Welsh, N., Kling-Colson, S., Gupta, S., Fulkerson, C., Aleppo, G., Parikh, N. what's more, Levitsky, J., 2016. Glycemic Control Reduces Infections in PostLiver Transplant Patients: Results of a Prospective, Randomized Study.The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism,102(2), pp.451-459.

Civil Rights Activist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social liberties Activist - Essay Example The Civil Rights Movement is regularly contrasted with the David against the Goliath tale since it was an intense fight against overpowering chances. On one hand were the oppressors who were amazingly ground-breaking as far as quality, numbers and political force, while then again were the abused, and the sum total of what they had was a fantasy, and an undying relentlessness to accomplish that fantasy. What makes it one of the most significant occasions in the chronicles of world history is that this development was to a great extent fruitful. This is reinforced by acts, for example, The Brown choice in 1954, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act in 1965 all of which realized the death of the trapping web of enactment that bound blacks to inferior citizenship (loc.gov, nd). During these tempestuous occasions, there were a few visionaries who surfaced to roll out an improvement. These were incredible men who saw and comprehended that what was going on around them and to them was unjustifiable. The Civil Rights Movement is generally connected with the life and battle of Martin Luther King JR, be that as it may, it would be uncalled for not to distinguish the work done by a few other people of that time in such manner. One such individual who is shockingly scarcely ever referenced or totally overlooked in the pages of history was Medgar Evers. It was in a severe universe of White control that Medgar Evers was conceived, on July 2 1925 to James and Jesse Evers in Decatur, Mississippi (Evers and Marable, 2005). Having taken birth in a passionate Christian family, Medgar was ingrained with temperances, for example, confidence, pride and sense of pride directly from an extremely youthful age. This made him a self-assured kid. He was viewed as mean by the nearb y neighborhood. In the self-portrayal it has been reported that a lynching of a neighbor that he eye-saw, profoundly affected Medgar's sentiments about the bigot conditions that encompassed him (Evers and Marable, 2005). In 1943 Medgar left secondary school and joined the Army. He served the Army in World War II and was positioned in England and France. At the point when he returned home, he joined Alcorn College in Mississippi studying Business. Medgar was an exceptionally mainstream understudy and furthermore got the acknowledgment by being named in the's Who in American Colleges. In 1951, Medgar wedded Myrlie, a rookie young lady from his school. By 1952, Medgar had begun in his own particular manners, a few endeavors to improve the lives of the dark American individuals. In 1952, he turned into the establishing individual from Regional Council of Negro Leadership (RCNL) and in that limit, began helping the country blacks to enroll to cast a ballot and advancing participations in NAACP. Not at all like Martin Luther King JR, Medgar was not a supporter of peacefulness. He accepted that abused blacks must retaliate, and if essential additionally go too far. In 1954 he was named Mississippi's first field secretary for the NAACP. In this job he effectively worked for the advancement of the lives of dark Americans. He ran a few blacklist crusades against bigotry and organizations that upheld it. He likewise moved in the direction of coordinating schools rather than racial isolation. He took up situations where dark Americans were not allowed their privileges in type of denied confirmations or dismissed advances, and battled for th em to acquire equity. Progressively, Medgar was approached to give open talks to rouse

A gift of love!

A gift of love! Can I see my baby? the happy new mother asked.When the bundle was nestled in her arms and she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped. The doctor turned quickly and looked out the tall hospital window. The baby had been born without ears.Time proved that the babys hearing was perfect. It was only his appearance that was marred. When he rushed home from school one day and flung himself into his mothers arms, she sighed, knowing that his life was to be a succession of heartbreaks. He blurted out the tragedy. A boy, a big boy called me a freak. He grew up, handsome for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift, a talent for literature and music. But you might mingle with other young people, his mother reproved him, but felt a kindness in her heart. The boys father had a session with the family physician. Could nothing be done? I believe I could graft on a pair of outer ears, if they could be procured, the doctor decided.Whereupon the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man. Two years went by. Then, You are going to the hospital, Son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But its a secret, said the father. The operation was a brilliant success, and a new person emerged. His talents blossomed into genius, and school and college became a series of triumphs.Later he married and entered the diplomatic service. But I must know! He urged his father, Who gave so much for me? I could never do enough for him. I do not believe you could, said the father, but the agreement was that you are not to know not yet. The years kept their profound secret, but the day did come one of the darkest days that a son must endure. He stood with his father over his mothers casket. Slowly, tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to reveal that the mother had no outer ears. Mother said sh e was glad she never let her hair be cut, he whispered gently, and nobody ever thought Mother less beautiful, did they?Real beauty lies not in the physical appearance, but in the heart. Real treasure lies not in what that can be seen, but what that cannot be seen. Real love lies not in what is done and known, but in what that is done but not known.

Major Depressive Disorder ( Unipolar Depression ) And...

The purpose of this essay is to discuss the clinical differences in the diagnosis of both Major Depressive Disorder (Unipolar depression) and Bipolar Depression can be made on the basis of characteristics of a Major Depressive Episode (MDE). That is, can an MDE in patients with Major Depressive Disorder be differentiated from a MDE in patients with Bipolar Disorder? Firstly, the extremes in mood, Major Depressive Episode and mania/hypomania will be defined and it will be explained how they contribute to a diagnosis of MDD or Bipolar Disorder based on the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Secondly, the importance of differentiating the two disorders based on MDE characteristics will be explained. Thirdly, the literature on the clinical characteristics of MDE in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression will be reviewed. Lastly, this essay will touch on what this means for clinicians in their decisions in diagnosing patients with Major Depress ive Disorder or Bipolar disorder. The main features of Major Depressive Episodes (MDE) include a depressed mood for most days and loss of interest and pleasure in enjoyable activities (also known as ahedonia). For the diagnoses of a MDE to be made, these symptoms must be experienced for at least two weeks and symptoms must cause significant impact on day to day functioning (APA, 2013). Additional symptoms include lack of concentration (e.g unable to focus on everyday tasks, work), lack ofShow MoreRelatedAbnormal Psychology-Unipolar and Bipolar Depression Essay1046 Words   |  5 PagesPsychology | Unipolar and Bipolar Depression | Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Shawn M Best 10/16/2011 | Identifying the causes of unipolar and bipolar depression can be a complicated task because there are no known exact causes, just theories. These theories include chemical and hormonal imbalances within the brain, a misfiring of ion activity, and inherited genetics or biological abnormalities (Comer, 2005). Individuals who suffer with unipolar depression, which is the ordinaryRead MoreBipolar and Unipolar Disorder Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pagesor a person encounters depression that changes how he or she interacts with his or her daily activities, this person maybe dealing with bipolar or unipolar disorder. Even though these two disorders are similar, there are marked differences, different causes, and different treatment. Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder Bipolar and unipolar are two different disorders that affect millions of people; however, there are differences in between the two mood disorders. Bipolar is differentiated by twoRead MoreThe Cultural Aspects Of Bipolar Disorder1586 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Bipolar disorder like most mental disorders does not discriminate by culture. This research papers primary goal is educate on the cultural difference or similarities in how bipolar disorder manifests itself. The secondary goal of this paper is to establish a generalized understanding of bipolar disorder as to supplement the primary goal. This will all be done in a systematic manner to ensure that every major topic is examined to the full extent and all the topics of interests are coveredRead MoreThe Anxiety Of Depression And Depression1457 Words   |  6 Pagesbe mood disorders such as depression or mania (Comer, 2011, p. 193). Depression is a sad, low state where life seems dark and overwhelming (Comer, 2011, p. 193). Mania is a state of frenzied energy or breathless euphoria where a person may have an exaggerated belief that the world is theirs for the taking (Comer, 2011, p. 193). Mania and depression are the two key emotions in mood disorders and most people who have one usually only suffer from depression, which is called unipolar depression (ComerRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Disorders1249 Words   |  5 PagesBipolar Disorder, also known as manic/depressive disorder once was a disorder that carried a severe societal stigmatism. It now has carries less stigmatism but is a disorder which has become difficult to diagnosis and extremely prevalent in today’s society. Due to the manic characteristic of the disorder it differentiates itself from the typical form of depression. Even though both depression and bipolar disorder can be due to an imbalance in brain chemistry and biology, genetics, or effected byRead MoreDifferences Between Disorders1129 Words   |  5 Pages1. Distinguish between bipolar disorder, unipolar depression, dysthymic disorder, and cyclothymic disorder using DSM-5 criteria. (485) Before answering the question let’s see what each term means. Bipolar disorder is a disorder that is marked by alternating or intermixed periods of mania and depression (Comer, 2013, pp.224). Unipolar depression is depression without history of mania (Comer, 2013, pp.224). Dysthymic disorder are mood disorder that are similar to but not as long lasting and less disablingRead MoreThe Blues Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Todays forecast; gloomy, and there is no sunshine in sight. If you had any form of depression, that is what it would seem like everyday. Depression is defined as a total body illness that affects a persons thoughts, feelings, behavior, physical health and appearance. It affects all areas of a persons life, including a persons home, work, school, and social life. Depression is a real illness, and its described as a feeling of sadness, worthlessness, or gloominess that canRead More Mood Disorder Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pages As many as 19 million Americans million are affected by mood disorders ( The two main types of mood disorders are bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder which are described as disturbances in mood, behavior and emotion.â€Å" Bipolar disorder is a complex disorder in which the core feature is pathological disturbance in mood ranging from extreme elation, or mania, to severe depression usually accompanied by disturbances in thinking and behavior, wh ich may include psychotic symptoms, such as delusionsRead MoreAbnormal Psychology - Mood Disorders4501 Words   |  19 PagesABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY: MOOD DISORDERS A mood disorder is the term given for a group of diagnoses in the DSM IV TR classification system where a disturbance in the person s emotional mood is hypothesised to be the main underlying feature. The classification is known as mood (affective) disorders in ICD 10. English psychiatrist Henry Maudsley proposed an overarching category of affective disorder. The term was then replaced by mood disorder, as the latter term refers to the underlying or longitudinalRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Mental Disorders1364 Words   |  6 PagesIntro Bipolar disorder is an emotional instability checked by great movements in disposition going from a hyper to a depressive state. Bipolar disorder is additionally called bipolar disease or manic depression. Bipolar disorder oppresses 3 to 5% of the populace with inconvenient impact on life possibilities. People with Bipolar Disorder will face life span danger for mood shifts, including fatal consequences. â€Å"It is sixth most common cause of disability in the United States (Altman et al., 2006)

The Theory Of Sociological Imagination - 870 Words

For decades, there have been many questions that sociologists generally ask themselves when examining a social phenomenon. One well known sociologist is C. Wright Mills. Mills came up with the concept of sociological imagination. It is used to describe the ability of individuals to think away from routines that they are used to in everyday life and look at them from an entirely new perspective. Using this concept, mills applied it to asking and answering imaginative thoughts of sociological questions. Mills came up with three questions that many thinkers have consistently asked in their investigations of humanity and society. The three questions are what is the structure of this particular society as a whole? , where does this society stand in human history? , and what varieties of men and women now prevail in this society and in this period?. Moreover, one social phenomenon that can explain how these questions help focus one’s social imagination is crime. C. Wright Mills firs t question is what is the structure of this particular society as a whole?. In asking this question, Mills wanted to know how crime is understood in society and how is it an essential components that is inter-related in society?. In society, crime is seen as any actions that violates the laws established by a political authority. However, according to the authors of the book introduction to sociology states that â€Å"sociologists studying crime and deviance in the interactionist tradition focus on devianceShow MoreRelatedThe Theories Of The Sociological Imagination976 Words   |  4 Pagesthem. So, you may ask how the individual above can make sense of the complex world around them. The answer is simple by looking at the world like any great social analysts would. They do this through C. Wright Mills sociological imagination. To understand the Sociological imagination we first need to understand what the term means. It is the process of the mind which allows us to understand the relationship between our individual lives (personal experience) and the larger social forces (public issues)Read MoreCommon Sense Explanations And The Explanations Of C. Wright Mills Theory Of The Sociological Imagination1534 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay I will be exploring the differences between common sense explanations and the explanations of C. Wright Mills theory of The Sociological Imagination. Common sense is based on people s personal experiences and their opinions, very often constructed from social norms and generalised views. Whereas, the Sociological Imagination thought up by sociologist C. Wright Mills (1959) is based on the ideas of thinking critically and skeptically, in order to think sociologically. He wrote thatRead MoreEssay on The Sociological Imagination1389 Words   |  6 PagesMy personal condensed definition of â€Å"the sociological imagination† is that it is the idea one should be aware of the societal structures around themselves, and how those structures can influence a person and vice-versa. In addition, I think that having a â€Å"sociological imagination† also involves a deep appreciation for the importance of society and culture. Consequently, for a person that has completed a basic introduction to sociology college course and actually paid attention, I would hope thatRead MoreEssay about Sociology Midterm955 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿1. Define the sociological perspective or imagination, cite its components, and explain how they were defended by C. Wright Mills. The sociological imagination is defined as being a way of thinking that helps us use information or data to form theories about the social patterns around us. We collect information and from that information we may make judgments or prediction. However we cannot view society in one’s own point of view. Everyone is different so it is important to not only form our ownRead MoreAnalysis Of Dalton Conley s You May Ask Yourself 1267 Words   |  6 PagesDalton Conley’s book, You May Ask Yourself, defines sociological imagination as, â€Å"The ability to connect the most basic, intimate aspects of an individual’s life to seemingly impersonal and remote historical forces† (Conley 2015, pg. A-11). Sociological Imagination is the idea of being able to step outside of the box, and evaluate society from an alternative point of view. Symbolic Interactionism, norms, socialization, and the idea of understanding yourself vs. understanding the social aspect ofRead MoreS ociological Imagination s Critical Review1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sociological Imagination Critical Review Essay â€Å"The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. This is its task and its promise.† C. Wright Mills writes about the sociological imagination in an attempt to have society become aware of the relationship between one’s personal experience in comparison to the wider society. By employing the sociological imagination into the real world, individuals are forced to perceiveRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination By C. Wright Mills1315 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. This is its task and its promise.† C. Wright Mills writes about the sociological imagination in an attempt to have society become aware of the relationship between one’s personal experience in comparison to the wider society. By employing the sociological imagination into the real world, individuals ar e forced to perceive, from a neutral position, social structures that, inRead MoreAnalysis of the sociological imagination and its use in sociology.1483 Words   |  6 PagesSociological Imagnation The sociological imagination is the ability to look at the everyday world and understand how it operates in order to make sense of their lives. It is a state of mind, which enables us to think critically about and understand the society in which we live, and our place in that world as individuals and as a whole. C. Wright Mills, first wrote of the concept in 1959. 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Sociological imagination is the way in which individuals realize the connection between their own experience of reality and the experiences of society as a whole. This realization allows people to make sense of the world around them. When one applies sociological imagination, they are stripping their own personal experiences from their thoughts

Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases HIV Free Essays

Epidemiology Communicable Diseases HIV or the Human Deficiency virus is like other viruses including the flu, but the one thing that makes this virus so different than any other is that the body is unable to clear this one out completely. Once someone is infected, there is no cure. Over time, HIV can also hide or mask itself in the body’s cells. We will write a custom essay sample on Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases: HIV or any similar topic only for you Order Now The cells within a person’s body that fght off infection are called CD4 cells or T cells. HIV attacks these cells and copies or replicates itself inside these cells, then destroys them. HIV over time will estroy so many of these cells that the body is unable to fght off infection anymore. When this starts happening, AIDS or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome happens which is the final stage of HIV. HIV is transmitted through someone’s blood or bodily fluids which can encompass semen, breast milk, vaginal fluids, and rectal mucous (AIDS. GOV, 2013) and usually it is passed from one person to another through sexual contact; however, HIV can also be transmitted through childbirth or IV drug use. Healthcare workers are also at risk from infected bodily fluids. Fluids from an nfected person can deliver the virus to someone else’s bloodstream. Within 2-4 weeks, and up to as late as 3 months, exposure to HIV can happen with a sudden onset of flu like symptoms including fever, chills, rash, night sweats, muscle aches, sore throat, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes or ulcers in the mouth (CDC, 2013). Sometimes no signs or symptoms of infection are present in someone with HIV. Certain individuals may feel sick as HIV turns into AIDS or have occasional bouts of sickness, but not really know or feel they are infected. When HIV progresses to HIV, he flu like sign and symptoms mentioned earlier can become far more severe. Many of the complications stemming from HIV are opportunistic infections, which happen in patients with a weakened immune system (CDC, 2013). â€Å"Some of these opportunistic infections include tuberculosis, salmonellosis, cytomeglaovirus, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, toxoplasmosis, cryptosporiosis, Wasting Syndrome, neurological problems, and kidney disease (Mayo Clinic, 2013). Specific skin cancers including Kaposi’s Sarcoma and lymphomas also happen in patients who are HIV positive† (Mayo Clinic, 2013). Antivirals are the treatment for HIV and presently there is no known cure. Treatment most often involves combinations of different drugs to avoid creating strains of the virus that are immune to single drug treatments (Mayo Clinic, 2013). The number of CD4 or T cells monitors treatment response. The viral load should be undetectable while undergoing antiviral therapy. The count is checked when treatment starts and usually monitored every 3-6 months. Even if someone has an undetectable viral load, the spreading of HIV is still a possibility. According to estimates and numbers provided by the CDC, about one and half million people 13 years of age and younger is HIV positive. Demographics also show that almost 20% of people who are infected do not know they have the virus. The CDC estimates that now every year, there are about 50,000 new cases diagnosed (2013). At risk groups include gay men, bisexual people, and African Americans (CDC, ) Young Atrican American males are at greatest risk tor contracting HIV among various ethnicities and races (CDC, 2013). An individual’s risk for HIV or social determinants of health related to HIV is income, education, geographic region, overty, gender orientation, early childhood experiences, and alcohol or substance abuse. The CDC states, â€Å"that by reducing the number od new HIV infections and improving the health and well-being of those already infected with HIV depends on changing the social determinants that place people at risk of infection† (CDC, 2-13). The epidemiological triangle of HIV consists of three things: the person, the causative agent, or the environment (Smith, 169). The causative agent that causes AIDS is HIV or the virus itself. The host is a person in the case of HIV and the environment is the either the host or the agent, but a factor that influences interaction between the two. The epidemiological triangle consists of three things: the person, the causative agent, or the environment (Smith, 169). In the triangle for HIV, the agent that causes AIDS is HIV or the virus. The host is a person in the case of HIV. The environment is neither the host nor the agent, but something that influences interaction between the two (Smith, 169). The host factors for HIV include age, sex, ethnic background, race, sexual orientation, education, and economic status (Smith, 169). The agent actors or causative agent for HIV are the virus itself and the mode of transmission, life cycle and virulence of the virus (Smith, 169). The environmental factors for HIV include social and economic considerations including family, community, political organization, public policy, regulations, institutions, workplace, occupation, economic status, technology, mobility, housing population density, attitudes, customs, culture, health practices, health services (Smith 169-170). A community health nurse with an emphasis on HIV/AIDS would work in a community or public health setting, educating t risk groups about safe sex practices and the dangers of sharing needles. Ideally, the nurse would connect patients to support groups and services, teach patients or people in the community about the prevention of the spreading of the disease, and help administer treatments and medications. Some important issues that nurses are bringing to the forefront in todays world include implementing strategies to keep HIV patients engaged in routine HIV medical and nursing care, incorporating prevention research findings to help reduce transmission locally and globally, carrying out outine HIV testing in health care settings, ensuring access to antiretroviral drugs, and preparing for emerging issues in HIV care such as diabetes, liver disease, obesity and elder care† (Kirton, 2007, p. 8). The Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria is a national organization th at channels a portion of its funds to the international financing for he fght against HIV and AIDS. It also gives funds to strengthening health systems, as most are inadequate to educate and inform communities and people about the prevention of HIV. Programs supported by the Global Fund give to communities with lifesaving ntiviral therapies and counseling on the prevention of the virus. How to cite Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases: HIV, Papers

Essay On Sikhism Traditions Example For Students

Essay On Sikhism Traditions A way of life and philosophy well ahead of its time when it was founded over 500 years ago, The Sikh religion today has a following of over 20 million people worldwide. Sikhism preaches a message of devotion and remembrance of God at all times, truthful living, equality of mankind, social justice and denounces superstitions and blind rituals. Sikhism is open to all through the teachings of its 10 Gurus enshrined in the Sikh Holy Book and Living Guru, Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Who and What is a Sikh? The word Sikh in the Punjabi language means disciple, Sikhs are the disciples of God who follow the writings and teachings of the Ten Sikh Gurus. The wisdom of these teachings in Sri Guru Granth Sahib are practical and universal in their appeal to all mankind. I observe neither Hindu fasting nor the ritual of the Muslim Ramadan month; Him I serve who at the last shall save. The Lord of universe of the Hindus, Gosain and Allah to me are one; From Hindus and Muslims have I broken free. I perform neither Kaaba pilgrimage nor at bathing spots worship; One sole Lord I serve, and no other. I perform neither the Hindu worship nor the Muslim prayer; To the Sole Formless Lord in my heart I bow. We neither are Hindus nor Muslims; Our body and life belong to the One Supreme Being who alone is both Ram and Allah for us. (Guru Arjan Dev, Guru Granth Sahib, Raga Bhairon pg. 1136) Any human being who faithfully believes in: (i) One Immortal Being, (ii) Ten Gurus, from Guru N anak Dev to Guru Gobind Singh, (iii) The Guru Granth Sahib, (iv) The utterances and teachings of the ten Gurus and, (v) the baptism bequeathed by the tenth Guru, and who does not owe allegiance to any other religion is a Sikh. (Reht Maryada, Sikh Code of Conduct) Philosophy and BeliefsThere is only One God. He is the same God for all people of all religions. The soul goes through cycles of births and deaths before it reaches the human form. The goal of our life is to lead an exemplary existence so that one may merge with God. Sikhs should remember God at all times and practice living a virtuous and truthful life while maintaining a balance between their spiritual obligations and temporal obligations. The true path to achieving salvation and merging with God does not require renunciation of the world or celibacy, but living the life of a householder, earning a honest living and avoiding worldly temptations and sins. Sikhism condemns blind rituals such as fasting, visiting places of pilgrimage, superstitions, worship of the dead, idol worship etc. Sikhism preaches that people of different races, religions, or sex are all equal in the eyes of God. It teaches the full equality of men and women. Women can participate in any religious function or perform any Sikh ceremony or lead the congregation in prayer. History and PracticesThe founder of the Sikh religion was Guru Nanak who was born in 1469. He preached a message of love and understanding and criticized the blind rituals of the Hindus and Muslims. Guru Nanak passed on his enlightened leadership of this new religion to nine successive Gurus. The final living Guru, Guru Gobind Singh died in 1708. During his lifetime Guru Gobind Singh established the Khalsa order (meaning The Pure), soldier-saints. The Khalsa uphold the highest Sikh virtues of commitment, dedication and a social conscious. The Khalsa are men and women who have undergone the Sikh baptism ceremony and who strictly follow the Sikh Code of Conduct and Conventions and wear the prescribed physical articles of the fait h. One of the more noticeable being the uncut hair (required to be covered with a turban for men) and the Kirpan (ceremonial sword). Before his death in 1708 Guru Gobind Singh declared that the Sikhs no longer needed a living and appointed his spiritual successor as Sri Guru Granth Sahib, his physical successor as the Khalsa. Guru Gobind Singh felt that all the wisdom needed by Sikhs for spiritual guidance in their daily lives could be found in Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the Eternal Guru of the Sikhs. Sri Guru Granth Sahib is

Marketing of Apple Products in UK

Introduction Marketing can be defined as the process of making goods and service available to customers. Marketing helps to communicate one’s product to the potential customers. This includes selling products and promoting them through advertising. Marketing is geared towards satisfying customer needs and through the sale where the marketers earn revenue.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing of Apple Products in UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Company Analysis The Apple Company was established in the year 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne. Ronald Wayne opted to sell his stake in the company. Therefore, he stopped being a shareholder in the company after his shares were bought by the other two partners. In the initial stages of the company, Mark Markkula was critical in providing the financial assistance and expertise that was needed. The headquarters of the company is based in Cu pertino, California. The Apple Company engages in the manufacture of electronic gadgets and software. Some of the software manufactured by the company include the Mac OS X operating system and iTunes, among others. The company also manufactures the iLife, iWork and Aperture. Apart from the software, the company manufactures hardware such as the iPod, iPhone, and iPad among others. Notably, the Apple company also manufactures the Macintosh computers. Steve Jobs was the former CEO of the company but died in 2011. As an entrepreneur, Steve Jobs created a great success story for the company. Most of the activities are based on risk taking. The establishment of the various products is based on risk taking by the organization. This has made the company quite successful compared to other competitors in the market. The aspect of entrepreneurship can be traced back to when the company was established. Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne took the greatest risk to establish the company . They had inadequate funds, and they underwent challenging moments to generate enough capital for the establishment of the business. Entrepreneurial aspects are also evident in the current activities of the organization (Gay, Charlesworth Esen 2006, p. 95). The Apple Company has established a research and development department to find out the product and market trends. The research and development department is critical for the growth of the company. Market research enables the company to establish the needs of customers so that the production department can design products that match the market demand. This approach has been beneficial to the company leading to the attraction of a significant market share. For example, the iMovie products have been successful in the market due to the high demand in the music industry. The Apple Company has made considerable sales of its products, and customers are satisfied by the products (Forester, 1987, p. 126).Advertising Looking for es say on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company markets its product under the logo of an apple with a bite mark to try and distinguish it from a cherry. The logo has had three dimension changes since the company was incorporated in 1976. The first logo depicted Sir Isaac Newton seated under an apple tree, but it later changed to the second logo depicting an apple with a rainbow theme. The second logo was in use since the year 1976 to 1998 after which it was changed. This provided room for the current logo to be adopted that depicts an apple with a monochromatic theme and black in color. Over the years, customers and employees have been able to associate with the apple product and the brand name. In addition, the company has derived different slogans for the company products. This includes the first slogan â€Å"Byte into an Apple,† which was coined in the 70s. It later changed to â€Å"Think Differen t† from the year 1997 to 2002. This slogan was used in campaigning and advertisement materials. The Apple Company has been able to derive new slogans for its diversified product lines. An example is an advertisement for iMac in 1998, which read as â€Å"iThink, therefore iMac†. The iPhone uses the following slogan in advertising: â€Å"Say hello to iPhone†. All these slogans have been used to market the different brands of Apple all over the world, and customers have been able to associate with this strong brand in the market (Viardot, 2004, p. 58). The sales of Apple products in the world have been on a steady rise over the years. This has resulted in high profits made by the company where some of the revenue is used to invest in new technology and innovation. The company uses a lot of funds in marketing its products all over the world. According to Forbes magazine, the company was the most recognized brands in the world as of 2011. For a company to have such a status, it should have committed a lot of finances towards marketing its brands all over the world. Findings The Apple Company has grown to become one of the most recognized brands in the world. This can be attributed to its clear marketing and promotion strategy that has satisfied many customers. A business enterprise is usually started to make a profit and manufacture competent products that help to offer maximum satisfaction to the customers. The company’s strategy to market its products has been instrumental for its massive profit margin when compared with other technology companies. It has been able to set a good working and innovation culture that was initiated by Steve Jobs. Thus, the company always strives to remain at the top over other companies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing of Apple Products in UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The culture of innovation has provided employees wit h strategies to manufacture competitive products. The employees of the company have been very innovative, and they have established many differentiated products. The innovations of the company have placed the company in an advantageous position over other competitors in the market. The company has established innovative products in the market, and customers appreciate these products. The innovative products have been differentiated to provide a competitive edge to the company in the global market. Through differentiation, Apple has managed to succeed in the market by competing with larger companies such as Microsoft and IBM among others. Some of the differentiated products include the iTunes and iPhone among others (Plunkett, 2008b, p. 67). The Apple Company has managed to capture customer loyalty in the market. Most of the customers of the company like the products due to their unique features, as well as the innovative culture of the company. The brands of the company are easily i dentifiable in the market, and many people are willing to re-buy from the company. The company enjoys a high level of customer loyalty. This aspect has increased the sales volume of the company since many customers are purchasing from the company. The company has been able to remain on the top edge due to its innovation and advancement in investing in new talents. The company has been on the forefront in contributing to modern technology with its on top products that have won accolades over the world due to the best features and unique innovation (Plunkett, 2008a, p. 98). Good customer relationship has attracted a large customer base to the company. The management of the company encourages employees to create a good relationship with customers. The company has been able to achieve customer loyalty through good relationship that the employees have with customers. E-business activities within Apple include the use of online management of the activities, as well as the online retailing . The online management system is used by managers to control the activities of the organization. The managers monitor customers, employees, and all the activities of the company. The trends in the market are monitored through the use of the online system. The sales made in the market can be determined by the system, and this is used in deciding the best products to manufacture. Most of the management decisions are made using the online management system. The e-business is enhanced through internet, intranets, and extranets. All departments are connected to the network connection where the management can access all individuals within the organization (Mohr, Sengupta Slater 2010, p. 223).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Apple Company has an expanded market over the world and its products are preferred considerably in Europe. In Europe, most of the Apple products are sold in the United Kingdom. According to the marketing president of the Apple Company, over the last few months, the sale of iPhones has more than doubled in U.K. After the introduction of Smartphones in the global market, the iPhone, which is a product of the Apple Company, has taken center stage with a 42.8% of UK Smartphone being sold. This is a big market margin given the number of players in the Smartphone industry. Such a huge sale has been attributed to the demand for the new iPhone 4s, which was introduced in the market during October. Many customers want to own the handset due to its technological advancement. According to the guardian magazine more than 44.8% of the British population owns a Smartphone, which in most cases is an Apple product. The iPhone has revolutionized the mobile industry due to its Android platform us ed by most Smartphone manufacturers. The iPhone 4s, which proceeded the iPhone 4, has received a major boost from the campaign carried out by the marketing executives of the Apple brand. This has resulted in very high sales all over the world (Mohr, Sengupta Slater 2010, p. 41). Some of the strategies that the Apple Company has used to market its products include the use of company-owned retail outlets. Although the strategy is expensive to install, it has worked well for the company. This is especially in Europe as the cost of hiring stores and employing sales agents is reduced in the long run. The company borrowed this strategy from IBM where it bought stores in the cities of Britain to offer a direct channel for its sales. The stores are stocked from the main company in the United States, and the strategy has worked well for the company. In this case, the success of the company can be attributed to this strategy. New products are stocked daily at the store where delivery is quic kened and thus improving on customer satisfaction. Extensive advertising through the mass media has taken place through the use of product slogans. These slogans are unique and drive a lot of pride when one owns an Apple product. Source: Duncan 2012. Reliability of the Apple products is another factor that has led to massive sales of the Apple brand over the years. Many customers feel proud to own a range of Apple products. These products are durable up to date through the extensive innovation being undertaken by Apple Tech engineers. Product diversification is one of the marketing strategies the company has applied for its European market. In this case, customers have many products to choose from when one wants to purchase an Apple product. This strategy has influenced the sales volume of the company, which is on the rise due to a single customer’s preference to purchase more than one Apple product such as iMac computer, iPads and iPods (Forester, 1987, p. 126). Conclusion The Apple Company is among the most recognized brands in the world. Its success story can be told from its founder, Steve Jobs, who has since passed, but his legacy in leadership is being told worldwide. The company has been able to earn high profits due to its intensive marketing strategies. This has led to enormous sales of its diversified products. The employees of the company have been very innovative, and they have established many differentiated products. The innovations of the company have placed the company at an advantage over other competitors in the market. The company has established innovative products in the market, and customers appreciate these products. The innovative products have been differentiated to provide a competitive edge to the company in the global market. Through differentiation, Apple has managed to succeed in the market by competing with larger companies like Microsoft and IBM among others. Reference List Duncan, D 2012, Why Apple stores are raking in bags full of cash, and no one can dupe the formula, https://www.digitaltrends.com/apple/why-do-apple-stores-make-so-much-money-and-why-cant-anybody-copy-them/ Forester, T 1987, High-tech society: the story of the information technology revolution, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. Gay, R, Charlesworth, A Esen, R 2006, Online marketing: a customer-led approach. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Mohr, JJ, Sengupta, S Slater, S F 2010, Marketing of high-technology products and innovations, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. Plunkett, JW 2008a, Plunkett’s retail industry almanac 2009 the only comprehensive guide to the retail industry, Plunkett Research Ltd, Houston, Tex. Plunkett, JW 2008b, The almanac of American employers 2009 the only guide to America’s hottest, fastest growing major corporations, Plunkett Research Ltd, Houston, Tex. Viardot, E 2004, Successful marketing strategy for high-tech firms, Artech House, Boston, Mass. [u.a.]. This essay on Marketing of Apple Products in UK was written and submitted by user Angeline Bailey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

British Petroleum Corporate Social Responsibility

British Petroleum Corporate Social Responsibility Written by Mathew Bishop and Michael Green, Is Corporate Social Responsibility Evil explores the issue of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) by observing two events: the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico and the melt down of financial systems in the late 2008.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on British Petroleum Corporate Social Responsibility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It seeks to de-link corporate social responsibility from the two incidents in response to an article whereby Chrystia Freeland, an editor with the Washington Post, positively correlated the two. In the case of the oil spill, the article seeks to show that even though British Petroleum (BP) did go to great lengths in their CSR campaign; other firms that did not do this would have suffered the same fate because of their shallow strategy of just ensuring ‘no failure and never preparing for one.’ The article agrees that, CSR did have the effect of affording the company leniency and more time than would have been the case if their CSR were not so aggressive. It also argues that, the CSR campaign by the company had waned since it declared the need to go beyond petroleum in combating factors that lead to climate change. On the financial systems meltdown, the article admits that Goldman Sachs focused on CSR activities, which did not seem to help the firm in its advancement. The firm became unpopular due to the huge profits it made after the crisis and gave out huge bonuses to its staff not acknowledging the public for the banking industry bail out. The authors therefore argue that the approach to focus on CSR rather than its presence was wrong. In conclusion, firms need to better their CSR by engaging in better ways with the public to avoid such incidences. As the article further roll out, the need for CSR is emphasized and its advantages highlighted in different ways. Firstly, CSR need sticks out clearly in th e BP case in the way the concerned parties were able to buy more time and leniency because of being part of corporate social responsibility. Their advocacy of increased use of greener sources of energy aligned the parties for future changes and gave the impression that they care about the wellbeing of the environment and the society as a whole. Value added to products and services is one of the advantages of a well-implemented CSR plan. The regression in profits for Goldman Sachs shows a failure in their CSR approach. The article underlines the importance of efficient communication with the public in the implementation of a CSR plan. The article covers the existing literature but no new idea comes into play. However, the link between the theories of CSR and the industry practise comes out well in the analysis of these two cases. Despite the author’s articulation of the importance of CSR, the article fails to give sufficient support to the ideas that it presents. For instance, the claim that the decreased public perception on the Goldman Sachs investment firm hinged on its CSR policy is not substantiated by a research or other relevant means.Advertising Looking for article on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, the ideas presented do rhyme with the given literature on the subject especially on the benefits a firm stands to gain from CSR. I do therefore agree with the article that, CSR is not an evil but a strategy that calls for proper implementation in order to reap maximum benefits. Reference Bishop, M., Green, M. (2010). Is Corporate Social Responsibility Evil? Huffpost  Business. Retrieved from https://www.huffpost.com/entry/is-corporate-social-respo_b_652054

Human Capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Capital - Essay Example The qualification, skills and experience of an employee has an economic value for his employer as well as for the economy as a whole. Human Resource Practices are defined as those methods, processes, rules and procedures used in the field of HR. Examples include recruiting, hiring, firing, training, monitoring, reviewing performance, performance appraisals etc. Human Resource Behavior refers to interdependence of individuals in co-coordinating their activities in order to perform at a higher level. Firm Performance is usually measured in terms of financial health of a firm. There are numerous contributing factors which effect firm’s performance. Some of the prior mentioned variables are also leading factors which influence firm’s performance. Finally, Overlapping Tenure is the amount of time employees have worked together in order to achieve common performance outcomes. Relationship among prior mentioned variables Extensive researches have been performed in order to exa mine the relationship among these variables. Aldehayyat & Twaissi (2011) examined a strong positive relationship between Financial Performance and Strategic Planning. The empirical results of this research also supported the practice of firms’ strategic planning in small and medium sized business firms. Leana & Van Buren, (1999) studied the relationship between Overlapping Tenure and Firm’s Performance. In this study, Leana & Van Buren, (1999) focused on the overlapping tenure that is the amount of time employees have spent in working with each other as well as with their manager. The authors stated that it may take time for individuals to form relationships with their-co-workers and allows them to work for common goals. Leana & Van Buren, (1999) stated that some studies found positive long term relationship between the two while other found negative relation between overlapping tenure and firm’s performance. Research conducted by Carmeli & Schaubroeck, (2005), Takeuchi, Lepak, Wang, and Takeuchi, (2007) and Lopez-Cabrales, Valle & Herrero, (2006) found positive relationship between firm performance and human capital. These studies employed industry accepted measures of human capital in order to investigate the relationship between performance and human capital. Leana & Van Buren, (1999) conducted a study to determine overlapping tenure and its relation with firm’s performance. In this study, the main area of focus was the amount of time employees have worked with each other and the amount of time they have worked with their manager. Leana & Van Buren, (1999) concluded that human capital is influenced by stability of employees’ relations. By having flexibility and promoting stability among employees, organizations may enhance their social capital. Study of Huselid (1995) stated that firm performance and high performance work reduces employee turnover and increase employee performance. Also, high performance work by employees leads to greater organizational performance (financial and productivity) (Huselid, 1995). The behavioral perspective of human resource behavior facilitates relation between organization performance and human resource practices. Human resource practices are utilized to improve and control the behaviors and attitudes of human resource. Behavioral perspect

Business Information Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 2

Business Information Systems - Essay Example One such factor that is very essential for success of any business, especially in present era of huge competition, is processing and dissemination of information in and out of the organisation. Nowadays, accurate and rapid management of information has become an essential and imperative task for business organisations since besides product quality, it has been an observation that service delivery now plays an important role in deciding future orders, and for this reason, a company can make or lose business just by focusing on its information management and systems. Although management of information was essential in the past as well; however, volume of such information was not so huge that it needed systems and thus, humans were performing the task efficiently (Martin, 1973, pp. 255-257). However, nowadays, due to huge number of customers, suppliers, vendors, etc, the need of business information systems has become inevitable, especially for companies that are dealing with suppliers and customers on national and international levels. One such company under consideration in this paper is Bognor Marine Watercraft (BMW) Company. In the last few years, BMW Company has witnessed an amazing progress in its business of watercraft and ancillaries that was limited to the UK market. Now, the decision-makers are now thinking about expanding the business due to increase in demand from the customers, especially for specialised high-end luxury watercrafts that has been the reason of their presence in the media lately. As the result, the notion of a ‘global village’ (Avgerou, 2003, pp. 97-99) is becoming a reality for the owners of BMW Company who now wants to become a market leader in their particular industry, not only in the UK market but internationally as well. Although the company was aware of the importance of information technology and therefore, it did invested in different information management systems and databases, however, it is an observation that the company did not give consideration to various aspects that are very essential before setting up of any IT structures and systems (Lan, 2005, pp. 130-134). In this regard, this paper will include understanding of different aspects related to IT systems that will potentially assist BMW Company in making the best use of its IT systems. Business Information Systems It will not be wrong to declare 21st century as the era of science and technology since even in the business market, the flow of information from one source to another has now become a decisive factor of success or failure of a company (Laudon & Laudon, 2007, pp. 101-103). As the result, nowadays, business information systems have taken place of humans and performing their tasks of processing and storing information while holding records and data related to different processes of an organisation. Companies have now installed information systems that are capable of comparing and relating past and present data to provide st atistics that enable owners to take crucial decisions in an efficient manner. Moreover, in bigger organisations such as BMW Company where there are different and various departments, information syste

Nursing Crisis Intervention: Stroke

Nursing Crisis Intervention: Stroke Stroke is a global problem of the increasing elderly population. According to the Department of Health (2007a), stroke is the third leading cause of death in the UK, with more than 110,000 individuals falling victim to a stroke each year at a cost to the National Health Services exceeding  £2.8 billion. The Stroke Association (2007) places this number at 130,000 with a mortality rate at 67,000 per year, including indirect costs of  £1.8 billion and costs for informal healthcare following stroke at  £2.4 billion. Incidence of stroke is equally as prevalent elsewhere, such as in the United States where, as the third leading cause of US deaths (Becker Wira 2006; Nolan Naylor 2003) stroke is the leading cause of disability (Becker Wira 2006; Stroke Association as cited by Amber 2003, p. 316; Stroke Association 2007). Becker and Wira (2006) state the incidence of stroke within the United States is 400,000 individuals per year with an anticipated growth to over 1 million yearly st roke victims by 2050. The American Stroke Association (as cited by Amber 2003, p. 316) states â€Å"every 45 seconds, someone in America has a stroke. Every 3.1 minutes, someone dies of one.† Nolan and Naylor (2003) state an average of 35,000 individuals suffer strokes when hospitalized for other unrelated illnesses. Such was the case for Ms. C., who suffered an ischemic stroke while hospitalized for a pacemaker implant. As the unit nurse assigned to care for Ms. C., subtle signs of her stroke were noticed and reported to the Code Gray[1] team for immediate response. The many roles of a unit nurse in the presence of a crisis are vital in providing adequate care to her patient, including the need to maintain a calm demeanour in the face of chaos. A number of rapid physical assessments must be performed including the use of the FAST criteria[2] (Mathiesen et al, 2006), response teams must be alerted and the nurse must keep the patient calm and oriented throughout the flurry of activity that can easily upset an elderly individual. While all emergencies call for rapid response, it is even more critical in the case of stroke when, if the patient is eligible for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA)[3] a detailed physical history and examination, a neurological assessment, computed tomography (CT) scan and additional blood work must be performed before irreparable damage from the stroke occurs. With a focus on patient impact and nursing interventions, this paper will present the case study of Ms. C. Case presentation Ms. C., a 78-year-old, ambulatory, Caucasian female was admitted to the hospital for the replacement of a cardiac pacemaker. Ms. C. was widowed 5 years prior to her current hospitalization and lived alone having two married children living in Scotland and Wales. Prior to admission Ms. C. was diagnosed with high blood pressure (HBP), high cholesterol, was diabetic, and was on pharmaceutical medication for all three conditions. In spring 1995, Ms. C. had recurrent bouts of tachycardia alternating with bradycardia. Following an attempt to control the situation through pharmaceutical intervention, her cardiologist recommended she receive a cardiac pacemaker; which was implanted without complication the same year. She reports remaining in good health since that time; although additional medical notes indicate the onset of dementia, as she appears confused at times. Upon admission, vitals were normal, with the exception of her blood pressure (BP) which was 175/95. Her physician ordered Ms. C. be started on Losartan[4]. Subsequent vitals indicated a fluctuation in BP ranging from a low of 170/90 at 1AM to a high of 195/110 at 10AM. As Ms. C. was not responding to medication or fluid balancing recommended by her physician and her BP continued to climb, her cardiologist postponed surgery until her BP was brought under control. At 11:48am, when taking Ms. C.’s vitals, she appeared confused, her speech was slurred, there was slight facial droop and she could not extend her arm for the blood pressure cuff. At 11:50am a Code Gray alert was sounded. Impact on the patient When assessing the impact to the patient when a stroke occurs, the nurse must be aware of the implications on a variety of levels, including biological, psychological and sociological. In the case of Ms. C., there were additional implications for each of these due to the combination of her low-level, yet progressive dementia. Biological changes in an ischemic stroke (confirmed by the CT scan as opposed to hemorrhagic) were the result of a thrombolytic occlusion at the cerebral artery branch point due to atherosclerosis. On the cellular level, neuronal damage occurs when neurons become depolarized and allow for inordinate amounts of calcium to cross the cellular membrane that ultimately leads to a destruction of said cellular membrane and other structures within the neuron (Becker Wira 2006). Becker and Wira (2006) also comment on the neuronal damage caused by free radical, arachidonic acid and nitric acid generation that takes place during the ischemic cascade[5]. Genetic activation also takes place and leads to the production of cytokines in response to and as a cause of inflammation that can â€Å"consume† the ischemic penumbra (Becker Wira 2006). If one can limit the degree of injury to the ischemic penumbra located within the origami, the degree of permanent damage due to the ischemic episode is limited and is the goal of immediate stroke response (Becker Wira 2006). A combination of diagnostic laboratory tests[6] and rapid nursing assessments would be required to assess the level of damage. Although the Code Gray approach is geared towards rapid response to allow for administering t-PA within the three-hour window, Ms. C. was not eligible for t-PA treatment due to her uncontrolled hypertension (Bonnono et al. 2000, p. 300). The psychological impact on Ms. C was the most dramatic as her post-stroke status left her more confused and fearful than one might find in a strike victim due to the comorbid dementia. In addition to being frightened of the unknown and feeling very alone as a widow and without her children present, Ms. C. felt betrayed by her body and didn’t understand what was happening to her or why. Psychologically Ms. C. had to be kept calm and be reminded of what was occurring and why, with such orienting comments as â€Å"You are going to be examined by Dr. X† or â€Å"You are going to have a test done that won’t hurt you. There is no need to be afraid; I’ll be with you to assure you’re safe.† With the unknown of any comprehension deficits caused by the stroke it was also important to remind other team members that Ms. C. had problems with confusion and that it was important â€Å"for patients with dementia in particular to understand what is about to happen to them† (Cunningham McWilliam 2006, p. 14). Cunningham and McWilliam (2006, p. 14) suggest that nursing staff must compensate in their communication with dementia patients and that this often requires nurses to re-prioritize their tasks and sense of immediacy in order to offer the patient the greatest level of psychological and/or emotional support. Lipley (2005) states one of the most important nursing tasks is offering support to a stroke patient. The sociological impact relating to Ms. C.’s crisis was limited for the immediate future while hospitalized, although she indicated that she wanted her children contacted and requested they come to the hospital. The biggest sociological change and challenges facing Ms. C. would be following her discharge from the hospital. Depending on the amount of total damage suffered from her stroke and the subsequent progress with therapy to regain lost functionality, it was probable that Ms. C. would relocate to either live with one of her children and/or settle in a home for the aged. This required the nurse to contact a social worker to help Ms. C. with her adjustment. Implications for the organization One of the six strategic goals established by the Department of Health’s National Stroke Strategy (2007b) is to â€Å"accelerate the emergency response to stroke and improve coordination between different agencies and professionals involved including through improved access to CT scanning.† Fortunately, the hospital where Ms. C. suffered her stroke complied with this goal and had a Code Gray team assembled. National Health Services (2007) approximates 90 percent of hospitals in England as prepared to administer specialized stroke services. The number of stroke victims is increasing every year. The nurses must be aware of required interventions. This paper has highlighted the ischemic stroke and patient impacts, as well as those on the organization and nurse. The charts below presents required nursing interventions in response to an inpatient stroke. Reference Amber, R., Watkins, W., 2003. The community impact of Code Gray. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 26 (4), pp. 316-322. Becker, J. U. Wira, C., R. 2006. Stroke, Ischemic [Online]. Available from: http://www.medscape.com/emerg/topic558.htm [cited March 16 2007]. Bonnono, C., Criddle, L. M., Lutsep, H., Stevens, P., Kearns, K., Norton, R., 2000. Emergi-paths and stroke teams: An emergency department approach to acute ischemic stroke. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 32 (6), pp. 298-305. Cunningham, C. McWilliam, K., 2006. Caring for people with dementia in AE. Emergency Nurse, 14 (6), pp. 12–16. Department of Health, 2007a. Stroke [Online]. Department of Health. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Policyandguidance/Healthandsocialcaretopics/Stroke/index.htm [cited March 16, 2007]. Department of Health, 2007b. Developing a national stroke strategy [Online]. Department of Health. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Policyandguidance/Healthandsocialcaretopics/Stroke/DH_4132138 [cited March 16, 2007]. Department of Health, 2007c. Good practice examples and case studies: standard five (strokes) [Online]. Department of Health. Available from http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Policyandguidance/Healthandsocialcaretopics/Olderpeoplesservices/Olderpeoplepromotionproject/DH_4002291[cited March 16, 2007]. Lipley, N., 2005. Different strokes†¦ Emergency Nurse, 13 (5), p. 5. Mathiesen, C., Tavianini, H. D., Palladino, K., 2006. Best practices in stroke rapid response: A case study. Medsurg Nursing, 15 (6), pp. 364-369. Nolan, S., Naylor, G. Burns, M., 2003. Code Gray: An organized approach to inpatient stroke. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 26 (4), pp. 296-302. Spilker, J., Kongable, G., Barch, C., Braimah, J., Bratina, P., Daley, S., Donnarumma, R., Rapp, K. Sailor, S., 1997. Using the NIH stroke scale to assess patients. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 29 (6), pp. 384-393. Stroke Association, 2007. Facts and figures about stroke [Online]. The Stroke Association. Available from http://www.stroke.org.uk/media_centre/facts_and_figures/index.html [cited March 16, 2007]. Wojner, A. W., Morgenstern, L., Alexandrov., A. V., Rodriguez, D., Persse, D., Grotta, J., 2003. Paramedic and emergency department care of stroke: Baseline data from a citywide performance improvement study. American Journal of Critical Care, 12 (5), pp. 411-417. 1 Footnotes [1] The term generally accepted in the medical community for multidisciplinary stroke response teams. The typical composition of a Code Gray team includes a primary care RN, charge RN from the Stroke/cardio care unit, an ICU RN, ICU resident, a neurologist, CT technologist and an individual responsible for telecommunications (Nolan Naylor 2003, p. 297). The Department of Health (2007c) reports that other Code Gray teams also include occupational therapists, physiotherapists, speech and language therapists, dieticians, pharmacists, a clinical psychologist and social worker. [2] FAST criteria is the acronym also known as the Cincinnati Pre-hospital Stroke Scale, such that F = Facial Droop, A = Arm drift, S = Speech and T = Time (Mathiesen et al. 2006; Lipley 2005). [3] t-PA must be administered within three hours of the first onset of symptoms (Amber 2003). [4] Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker. The choice was made to use this type of intervention based on the muscle relaxing nature of the medication rather than incorporating those that lowered BP through a modification of electrical activity within the nervous or cardiac system due to the reliance on her pacemaker and the potential other such forms of medication might have on recurrent tachycardia or bradycardia. [5] Ischemic cascade is the term referring to the chain of events that takes place following an ischemic stroke. [6] Although a variety of diagnostic blood work was already performed on Ms. C, a CBC, chemistry panel and cardiac biomarkers were ordered following the stroke for comparison against pre-stroke values along with coagulation studies (Becker Wira 2006).

Continuing Academic Success Essay

While being responsible for our academic success, prioritizing work to achieve goals can be valuable to students without a success driven mindset. Responsibility and action along with ethics help set the path for proper results and set standards for academic achievement. As I explore this new endeavor in my life, I will outline my failures, successes and the lessons I have learned along the way. Failure is something I have to accept. I have failed a lot in the past, and I have allowed those failures to effect me in the present. As a young boy in grade school, I would always work hard to obtain good grades. After my first semester in high school, I assumed it was natural for me to get good grades, so I refrained from working hard. After a few months of not striving to my full potential, my academics began to suffer, and I failed a few classes. I was very disappointed in myself, and I then became afraid to try because of a failure mindset. I started to expect failure in my immediate li fe, especially in my academics. I started to believe I was not good enough to achieve. I would psychologically defeat myself before attempting to do well. Now, I have realized the values in failing by allowing my disappointment to be my motivation for success. Since then, I have learned the importance of setting goals. â€Å"How can you expect to hit a target without aiming first† (Robusto, 2009). Goal setting is important to me because I am a person who likes to take on too many responsibilities. I have a tendency to overload myself with work and at times get overwhelmed when I cannot complete all tasks in a timely manner. I became aware of the process I needed to work on in order to achieve my set goals. I started to write down all tasks I needed to complete and the dates of completion. I set time apart to evaluate my works and prepare to setup a  procedure on how to fulfill these functions that allow me to feel accomplished and not overwhelmed on projects with sensitive time constrictions. While continuing with my academic success, I have been setting new goals academically and for my career. My educational goal will be to complete one assignment a day and participate in two-class discussions per day. My career goal is to mentor one of my peers every six months in the area I have already mastered. In doing this, I will assist someone in their career goals as well as my own to ensure everyone develops and succeeds. As I read through my results for the Ethical Lens Inventory and realize, ethics is a set of principles of right conduct (Ethics 2011). My core ethical lenses are sensibility and equality. I listen to my intuition to determine the characteristic traits and attributes that best serve the community. I remain attentive to the particular needs of those in a similar situation as I carefully evaluate their outcome for my resolution. Further sharpening my critical thinking skills in learning from others mistakes and not committing the same mistake twice. My blind ethical lens leads me to believe that I rely heavily on the attributes of the role. At times, this can be risky because I forget that individuals are fallible, and I should rely solely on people to solve problems. In kn owing this about my moral background, I run the risk of believing that my role is more important than other individuals and will not be susceptible to constructive criticism. So I do not hinder my development; I should allow others to assess the role and assure that all roles are important. Even though thinking is a process, and intelligence is the product (Jensen 2005), we have to understand without thinking of the ending result, we can never consider the product. Critical thinking has an important role in learning and development because if properly executed it allows me to see the entire situation instead of the individual task. I plan to take the necessary actions to determine the task with open eyes and an unbiased approach. Remembering the facts about the situation can help in resolving the issue. Understanding by reiterating the problem can help me further comprehend. Applying then analyzing the tasks and or situations so I can prepare the steps to come to the evaluation. I can see if the resources are accurate and thorough. The last thing I should be able to do to assure my critical thinking skills are complete is a form of creating. I take all the information of this situation, and use it in my final resolution. These  steps are crucial in the ability to think clearly and not be clouded by biased information. Advancing in my critical thinking skills is as important as my writing skills. I have to take the appropriate steps in continuing to engage the readers throughout the writing process. Writing is crucial as a student and everyday life because it is a form of communication. I will utilize the necessary resources to assist me in applying the lessons being instructed for completion of each assignment in accordance with the University guidelines. Allowing myself to create an outline for the topic before the rough draft is setting the priority of how the papers thesis will be well planned for the entire topic. I can use many of the University’s resources such as the thesis generator to begin the subject of the assignment. Grammarly is a great resource to assure the proper format and grammar for the paper . The University has various resources such as live assistance in the Center for Writing Excellence. The benefit of using external resources is that one cannot rely only on their opinion alone but can get a different perspective of the situation. The University library is an excellent option for researching credible information to guarantee educational success. Although, some information in the library could be bias, we have to do the research on each source to review the comparisons and understand which source is indeed accurate. In conclusion, the information obtained and lessons learned in this course have given me a boost of confidence in my critical thinking, reading and writing skills. I feel comfortable in continuing my academic success with this knowledge. I feel as though I have accomplished great things in these past five weeks and will continue to move forward. The University has given me the desire to continue the achievements in my educational career by showing me the proper approach of getting the job done correctly. I now realize that a failure does not define a person. The failures can be used as a stepping-stone in the journey to greatness. References Ethic. (2011). In The American Heritage dictionary of the English language. Retrieved from http://search.credoreference.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/content/entry/hmdictenglang/ethic/0 Jensen, Eric. â€Å"Critical Thinking Skills.† Teaching with the

Family Presence Article Critique

Family Presence Article Critique Inez Robbins Liberty University November 26, 2012 Abstract Family presence at the bedside during resuscitation is starting to become standard protocol in many emergency departments but research is limited in this area. The objective of the article reviewed is to explore the nurse’s perception of the benefit and/or harm to the family in a facility that has well established family presence protocols. The nurses’ perceptions of the effects on the family provide a positive influence on both the family members and the interdisciplinary team that is caring for the patient.The study confirmed long-term participation yields positive effects on the perception of family presence at the bedside during resuscitation in the emergency department. The nursing perception offers insight on the care and compassion towards the family in their critical time of need. Future nursing implications, future nursing research, and ethical implications are discussed , as there is a further need for education and research in these areas of professional nursing development. Key words: Family presence, resuscitation, nurse, perception.Family Presence Article Critique Review of Article A review of the Elinar Lowry, PhD, RN’s article â€Å"It’s Just What We Do†: A Qualitative Study of Emergency Nurses Working with Well-Established Family Presence Protocol published in the Journal of Emergency Nursing volume 38, number four in July of 2012 aims to describe the benefits and harm to patients family members who were present during patient resuscitation based on the perceptions of nurses whom work within a facility with an established family presence protocol.The article describes a study performed in which fourteen emergency room nurses’ perception of their experiences with family presence during resuscitation is documented. The facility in which all fourteen nurses were employed had a family presence protocol since 1992 (Low ry, 2012). There were pointed open-ended questions asked. These questions were meant to allow the nurses to elaborate on experiences that were both positive and negative. The results of the study found that nurses perceived there were benefits experienced by the family in several ways (Lowry, 2012).Some of these were: family was able to see the evolution of events or the patient’s progress during the resuscitation. The family was also able to confirm the effort used to save their loved one. Lastly, nurses confirmed that they felt the families appreciated that everything possible was done to save their family member. There was no perception of harm done to the family through observation of resuscitative measures (Lowry, 2012). Future Nursing Practice Implications of this study for future nursing practice suggest that long-term participation is directly related to acceptance of family presence by nursing.This information is encouraging for nurses whom wish to write and establis h family presence protocols within their facilities (Lowry, 2012). Care should be taken to identify and educate on tolerance of family member behaviors. Family presence protocols should also include limitations for the number of family members allowed at the bedside during resuscitative measures so that the staff members feel secure and comfortable with family presence practices (Lowry, 2012).Future Nursing Research Implications for future nursing research related to family presence should include family members who take part in family presence. All staff members should be surveyed to conclude the overall cultural belief on family presence (Lowry, 2012). Other potential topics for studies include: the right time to request the family’s presence, how to integrate new hire nurses into a potentially unfamiliar family presence protocol or practice (Lowry, 2012). Ethical IssuesAll of the nurses interviewed during this study held that family presence during resuscitation was the et hically right thing. Some of the nurses reported feelings of personal anguish at the family members grieving their loved ones. They also describe compassionate care to those family members (Lowry, 2012). References Lowry, E. (2012). â€Å"It’s just what we do†: A qualitative study of emergency nurses working with well-established family presence protocol. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 38(4). 329-334. doi:10. 106/j. jen. 2010. 12. 016

The Key Elements to Effective Communication Essay - 751 Words

INTRODUCTION In the society that we live in we cannot survive without communication. It is not only limited to human beings but also animals communicate to each other to pass on information. There are different forms of communication but they vary based on the message being delivered or the sender and receiver. Communication is important in every relationship and without proper communication; people can easily disagree or be misled due to lack of it or assumptions. DISCUSSION Communication is exchanging of information and this can be through speaking, using some mediums or writing. As technology advances so does the mode of communication and communicating becomes easier and faster. Communicating is also a means of sending and also†¦show more content†¦When communicating, the key thing is to make sure that the receiver gets the message the right way and the feedback is effective. In an organization there are various modes of communication and it can be through listening, speaking or in written form. Within the office as much as there may be computers, individuals with the latest technology does not mean they communicate effectively. They can fail to have the communication skill. It is sometimes the technology that causes the failure of effective communication. Within an organization, there can be cases of mailed that are dashed off and they are short and this can replaced well thought-out letters. (Picards, 2001) When especially within an organi zation how you package information to a group of people is very important. People are very different they vary in culture, age, gender, religion and sex, there the message should be straight to the point and no leaving space for assumption or leaving an individual to guess what the meaning really is. Working in an organization and able to communicative effectively as a member it is an important vehicle for one gaining the visibility and getting ahead within the organization. The right communication skill enables one to communicate competently in both the face-to-face environment and also with the virtual team members. It is basically about enhancing effective team when working with a group and work with the technology to enhance and improve the modeShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal Communication And The Workplace1116 Words   |  5 PagesINTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE WORKPLACE Introduction Communication occurs in the day to day life situation Hynes, G. E. (2015). People pass messages from one individual to another through communication. This makes communication to be taken for granted. 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